> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science.md).

# Computer Science

- [Linux](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/linux.md)
- [Setup](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/linux/setup.md)
- [curl](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/linux/curl.md)
- [Hard Link vs. Symlink](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/linux/hard-link-vs.-symlink.md)
- [Man Page](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/linux/man-page.md)
- [/dev/null](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/linux/dev-null.md)
- [Python](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python.md)
- [New Features](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/new-features.md)
- [Operators, Expressions, and Data Manipulation](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/operators-expressions-and-data-manipulation.md)
- [Program Structure and Control Flow](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/program-structure-and-control-flow.md)
- [Objects, Types, and Protocols](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/objects-types-and-protocols.md)
- [Functions 101](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/functions-101.md)
- [Generators](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/generators.md)
- [Classes and Object-Oriented Programming](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/classes-and-object-oriented-programming.md)
- [Memory Management](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/memory-management.md)
- [Concurrency and Parallelism](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/concurrency-and-parallelism.md)
- [Multithreading and Thread Safety](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/concurrency-and-parallelism/multithreading-and-thread-safety.md): Multithreading
- [Asynchronization](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/concurrency-and-parallelism/asynchronization.md)
- [Multiprocessing](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/concurrency-and-parallelism/multiprocessing.md)
- [Global Interpreter Lock (GIL)](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/concurrency-and-parallelism/global-interpreter-lock-gil.md)
- [Built-in Functions and Standard Library](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/built-in-functions-and-standard-library.md)
- [import collections](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/built-in-functions-and-standard-library/import-collections.md)
- [import itertools](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/built-in-functions-and-standard-library/import-itertools.md)
- [import sys](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/built-in-functions-and-standard-library/import-sys.md)
- [import re](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/built-in-functions-and-standard-library/import-re.md): Regular Expressions
- [import pickle](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/built-in-functions-and-standard-library/import-pickle.md): Serialization and Deserialization
- [import json](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/built-in-functions-and-standard-library/import-json.md): Serialization and Deserialization
- [Third-party Library](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/third-party-library.md)
- [from pwn import \*](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/third-party-library/from-pwn-import.md): Pwntools
- [import requests](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/third-party-library/import-requests.md): HTTP for Humans
- [from bs4 import BeautifulSoup](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/third-party-library/from-bs4-import-beautifulsoup.md): BeautifulSoup
- [from scapy.all import \*](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/third-party-library/from-scapy.all-import.md): Packet Manipulation
- [py2exe](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/python/third-party-library/py2exe.md): Source code => Windows exe
- [HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and React](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/html-css-javascript-and-react.md)
- [HTML](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/html-css-javascript-and-react/html.md)
- [CSS](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/html-css-javascript-and-react/css.md)
- [JavaScript](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/html-css-javascript-and-react/javascript.md)
- [var vs. let](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/html-css-javascript-and-react/javascript/var-vs.-let.md)
- [Objects](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/html-css-javascript-and-react/javascript/objects.md)
- [Arrays](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/html-css-javascript-and-react/javascript/arrays.md)
- [Functions](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/html-css-javascript-and-react/javascript/functions.md)
- [Modules](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/html-css-javascript-and-react/javascript/modules.md)
- [Asynchronous JavaScript](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/html-css-javascript-and-react/javascript/asynchronous-javascript.md)
- [React](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/html-css-javascript-and-react/react.md)
- [Data Structures and Algorithms](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/data-structures-and-algorithms.md)
- [Binary Search](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/data-structures-and-algorithms/binary-search.md)
- [The Linux Programming Interface](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface.md)
- [Processes](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface/processes.md)
- [Memory Allocation](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface/processes/memory-allocation.md)
- [The Process API](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface/processes/the-process-api.md)
- [Process Creation](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface/processes/process-creation.md)
- [Process Termination](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface/processes/process-termination.md)
- [Monitoring Child Processes](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface/processes/monitoring-child-processes.md)
- [Program Execution](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface/processes/program-execution.md)
- [Signals](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface/signals.md)
- [Threads](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface/threads.md)
- [Thread Synchronization](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface/threads/thread-synchronization.md)
- [Thread Safety and Pre-Thread Storage](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface/threads/thread-safety-and-pre-thread-storage.md)
- [IPC](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface/ipc.md)
- [Pipes and FIFOs](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface/ipc/pipes-and-fifos.md)
- [Memory Mappings](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface/ipc/memory-mappings.md)
- [Virtual Memory Operations](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface/ipc/virtual-memory-operations.md)
- [Sockets](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/the-linux-programming-interface/sockets.md)
- [Computer Systems](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/computer-systems.md)
- [Hexadecimal](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/computer-systems/hexadecimal.md)
- [Signedness](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/computer-systems/signedness.md)
- [Registers](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/computer-systems/registers.md)
- [Instructions](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/computer-systems/instructions.md)
- [Syscall](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/computer-systems/syscall.md)
- [Process Memory](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/computer-systems/process-memory.md)
- [Stack Frame](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/computer-systems/stack-frame.md)
- [Preemptive Multitasking](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/computer-systems/preemptive-multitasking.md)
- [IPC](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/computer-systems/ipc.md)
- [Threads](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/computer-systems/threads.md)
- [Databases](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/databases.md)
- [MySQL](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/databases/mysql.md)
- [Basic Syntax](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/databases/mysql/basic-syntax.md)
- [Data Types](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/databases/mysql/data-types.md)
- [Modifying Tables](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/databases/mysql/modifying-tables.md)
- [Duplicating and Deleting](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/databases/mysql/duplicating-and-deleting.md)
- [SELECT](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/databases/mysql/select.md)
- [Transaction](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/databases/mysql/transaction.md)
- [GraphQL](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/databases/graphql.md)
- [Distributed Systems](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems.md): "A distributed system is one in which the failure of a computer you didn't even know existed can render your own computer unusable." -- Leslie Lamport
- [Introduction](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/introduction.md)
- [What is a Distributed System?](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/introduction/what-is-a-distributed-system.md)
- [Design Goals](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/introduction/design-goals.md)
- [Scaling Techniques](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/introduction/scaling-techniques.md)
- [Types of Distributed Systems](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/introduction/types-of-distributed-systems.md)
- [Architecture](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/architecture.md)
- [System Architectures](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/architecture/system-architectures.md): Centralization vs. Decentralization
- [Example Architectures](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/architecture/example-architectures.md): NFS and the Web
- [Communication](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/communication.md)
- [Foundations](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/communication/foundations.md)
- [Remote Procedure Call](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/communication/remote-procedure-call.md)
- [Message-oriented Communication](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/communication/message-oriented-communication.md)
- [Coordination](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/coordination.md)
- [Clock Synchronization](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/coordination/clock-synchronization.md)
- [Logical Clock](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/coordination/logical-clock.md)
- [Consistency and Replication](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/consistency-and-replication.md)
- [Introduction](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/consistency-and-replication/introduction.md)
- [Data-centric Consistency](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/consistency-and-replication/data-centric-consistency.md): Sequential Consistency + Causal Consistency + Entry Consistency + Eventual Consistency
- [Client-centric Consistency](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/distributed-systems/consistency-and-replication/client-centric-consistency.md): Monotonic Reads + Monotonic Writes + Read Your Writes + Writes Follow Reads
- [Static Analysis](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/static-analysis.md)
- [Intermediate Representation](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/static-analysis/intermediate-representation.md)
- [Data Flow Analysis](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/static-analysis/data-flow-analysis.md)
- [Interprocedural Analysis](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/static-analysis/interprocedural-analysis.md)
- [Pointer Analysis](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/static-analysis/pointer-analysis.md)
- [Static Analysis for Security](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/static-analysis/static-analysis-for-security.md)
- [Datalog-Based Program Analysis](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/static-analysis/datalog-based-program-analysis.md)
- [Soundness and Soundiness](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/static-analysis/soundness-and-soundiness.md)
- [CFL-Reachability and IFDS](https://ret2basic.gitbook.io/ctfnote/computer-science/static-analysis/cfl-reachability-and-ifds.md)


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